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Understanding Relative Clauses Pt. 1 (Who, Which, That)

⏭️ Already know who, which and that? Go straight to the mini-quiz! Ready to level up? Continue to 👉 Part 2: Defining vs. Non-Defining Clauses & When to Omit Pronouns What Are Relative Clauses? Relative clauses give extra information about a noun. They start with...

Articles Pt. 1 – What are they?

Grammar Explanations

Articles in English: Part 1 of 3 This is Part 1 of our 3-part guide to English articles. In this part, you’ll learn what articles are and how to use a and an. Next: Part 2: How to Use “The” What Are Articles? Articles are small words that come before...

Conditionals (If-Clauses)

Grammar Explanations

What Are Conditionals? Conditionals are sentences with “if” that express different types of situations: Facts and general truths (Zero Conditional) Real possibilities in the future (First Conditional) Unreal/imaginary situations in the present or future...

Sentence Order (Word Order)

Grammar Explanations

Why Is Word Order Important? In English, word order is CRUCIAL because it determines meaning. Unlike some languages where word endings show the function of each word, English relies heavily on the position of words. Compare: The dog bit the man. (the dog did the...

Reported Speech (Indirect Speech)

Grammar Explanations

What Is Reported Speech? Reported speech (also called indirect speech) is when we tell someone what another person said, without using their exact words. Direct Speech: “I am tired,” she said. (exact words in quotation marks) Reported Speech: She said...

Phrasal Verbs

Grammar Explanations

What Are Phrasal Verbs? Phrasal verbs are combinations of a verb + particle (a preposition or adverb) that create a new meaning – often completely different from the original verb. Examples: look (verb) + after (particle) = look after (take care of) give (verb)...

Modal Auxiliaries (Modal Verbs)

Grammar Explanations

What Are Modal Verbs? Modal verbs (also called modal auxiliaries) are special helping verbs that express: Ability: can, could, be able to Permission: can, may, could Obligation: must, have to, should Possibility: may, might, could Advice: should, ought to Necessity:...

Passive vs. Active Voice – What it Is and Why to Use It

Grammar Explanations

⏭️ Already know the theory? Go straight to the quiz! What Is Active and Passive Voice? Here’s the short version: in active voice, the subject does the action. In passive voice, the subject receives it. Simple enough — but it gets interesting when you see it in...

Prepositions

Grammar Explanations

What Are Prepositions? Prepositions are small words that show the relationship between things – usually about place (where?), time (when?), or direction (which way?). Common prepositions: in, on, at, by, from, to, for, with, about, of, under, over, between,...

Quantifiers – Much, Many, Some, Any, Few, Little, Each, Every

Grammar Explanations

What Are Quantifiers? Quantifiers are words that tell us about quantity – how much or how many of something. They answer the questions “How much?” and “How many?” English has different quantifiers for countable and uncountable nouns, so...