Building on the Foundation You already know how to form Past Simple and use it for completed past actions. Now let's explore more sophisticated uses including "used to", time clauses, and choosing between Past Simple and other past tenses. "Used to" for Past Habits...
JH Course Content

This is the hub where you can see all your course content, plus any other useful bits of grammar, articles, etc, that your teacher has decided can help you.
And don't forget to check out our large and growing collection of articles on current topics, always refreshed and updated, and set for your level of English. And of course, always with a quiz at the end!
Articles Pt. 2
Articles in English: Part 2 of 3 This is Part 2 of our 3-part guide to English articles. In this part, you'll learn how to use the. Haven’t done Part 1 yet? Start here first: Part 1: What Articles Are + A/An When you finish this page, continue with Part 3: Zero...
Articles Pt. 3
Articles in English: Part 3 of 3 This is Part 3 of our 3-part guide to English articles. In this part, you'll learn when to use no article, how to choose between a/an, the and zero article, and you'll practise everything. If you haven’t done the earlier parts yet,...
Sentence Order (Word Order)
Why Is Word Order Important? In English, word order is CRUCIAL because it determines meaning. Unlike some languages where word endings show the function of each word, English relies heavily on the position of words. Compare: The dog bit the man. (the dog did the...
Reported Speech (Indirect Speech)
What Is Reported Speech? Reported speech (also called indirect speech) is when we tell someone what another person said, without using their exact words. Direct Speech: "I am tired," she said. (exact words in quotation marks) Reported Speech: She said (that) she was...
Modal Auxiliaries (Modal Verbs)
What Are Modal Verbs? Modal verbs (also called modal auxiliaries) are special helping verbs that express: Ability: can, could, be able to Permission: can, may, could Obligation: must, have to, should Possibility: may, might, could Advice: should, ought to Necessity:...
Understanding Relative Clauses Pt. 3 – Advanced Use Cases
👈 Just arriving? Start at the beginning: Part 1: Who, Which & That | Part 2: Defining vs. Non-Defining & Omitting Pronouns ⏭️ Already know the theory? Go straight to the full quiz! You've mastered the core relative pronouns and the defining/non-defining...
Understanding Relative Clauses Pt. 2 (defining and non-defining)
👈 Just arriving? Start here first: Part 1: Who, Which & That ⏭️ Already know this? Go straight to the mini-quiz! You know your who, which and that. Now let's tackle one of the trickiest parts of relative clauses — the difference between defining and non-defining...
Gerunds vs. Infinitives
What Are Gerunds and Infinitives? Both gerunds and infinitives are verb forms that function like nouns in sentences. Gerund: verb + -ing (swimming, reading, working) I enjoy swimming. Infinitive: to + base verb (to swim, to read, to work) I want...
Understanding Relative Clauses Pt. 1 (Who, Which, That)
⏭️ Already know who, which and that? Go straight to the mini-quiz! Ready to level up? Continue to 👉 Part 2: Defining vs. Non-Defining Clauses & When to Omit Pronouns What Are Relative Clauses? Relative clauses give extra information about a noun. They start with...
B2 & C1 General Grammar
Writing Proposals & Business Cases
Writing Proposals & Business Cases Writing Proposals & Business Cases A comprehensive guide to creating compelling business documents In the business world, the ability to write effective proposals and business cases is essential. These documents help you secure...
Telephone Conference Etiquette
Telephone Conference Etiquette 📞 Telephone Conference Etiquette Welcome! Telephone conferences are a vital part of modern business communication. Whether you're joining a team meeting, client call, or international conference, following proper etiquette ensures...
Active Listening Techniques
Active Listening Techniques Active Listening Techniques Master the art of truly hearing and understanding others Active listening is one of the most powerful communication skills you can develop. It goes beyond simply hearing words—it involves fully concentrating,...
Summarizing & Paraphrasing
Summarizing & Paraphrasing Guide Summarizing & Paraphrasing Essential Skills for Academic and Professional Success What is Summarizing? Summarizing is the process of condensing a text to its essential points while maintaining the original meaning. A good summary...
Debating & Arguing a Position
Debating & Arguing a Position Debating & Arguing a Position The ability to effectively debate and argue a position is a critical skill in both professional and personal contexts. Whether you're presenting in a boardroom, engaging in academic discourse, or simply...
Diplomatic Language & Softening
Diplomatic Language & Softening Diplomatic Language & Softening In professional and personal communication, how we express our thoughts can be just as important as what we say. Diplomatic language and softening techniques help us communicate effectively while...
Useful Articles (B2 & C1 Level)
The World at a Glance #1 – Articles to improve your English – C1 / C2 Level
Global Buzz: This Week's Key Happenings The World at a Glance Hello everyone and welcome to this week's English learning blog! This week, we're looking at some of the most interesting stories from around the globe, with a special focus on business developments and...
Articles to improve your English – B1 / B2 Level
Weekly World Watch: Tech Giants Face New Challenges Hello there, language learners! This week, we're looking at some interesting developments in the business world, with a focus on big technology companies and how they're dealing with new challenges. Whether you're...
Articles to improve your English – C1 / C2 Level
The Week Ahead: Business Innovation and Global Developments Welcome to Our Weekly Roundup! This week, we're looking at some exciting business innovations and key events shaping our world. Whether you're interested in technology breakthroughs, economic shifts, or...
Articles to improve your English – B1 / B2 Level
This Week in the World: From Space Tourism to the Latest Tech Gadgets Welcome to Your Weekly English News Update Hello English learners! This week, we're looking at some interesting stories from the business world and beyond. From billionaires going to space to new...
Articles to improve your English – B1 / B2 Level
This Week in the World: Tech Giants Face New Challenges Welcome to Your Weekly Update Hello English learners! This week, we're looking at some interesting developments in the business world and current affairs. Big technology companies are dealing with new problems,...
Articles to improve your English – B1 / B2 Level – This Week in the World: Climate Change Takes Center Stage
Hello, English Learners! This week, we're looking at some major events that made headlines around the world. From climate discussions to business news, there's plenty to talk about! Let's dive into what's been happening and expand your English vocabulary along the...
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